Chapter 6 Presentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Chapter 6 Presentation - Essay Example Theres also potential for harm when decisions affecting students futures are being made based on results of assessments made with tools that are not appropriate for the purpose. A good designer generally begins to think about assessment instruments as she develops the learning objectives. This is done to help ensure that not only does the assessment match the objectives but appropriately amplifies and clarifies the objectives themselves. Practicality: Optimal assessment might be a many-itemed constructed response or performance exam that is as close as possible to the real life situation in which the learners will apply their knowledge for all objectives with a carefully developed set of criteria for evaluating the responses. Trade-offs in Assessment Design: It is indeed important to consider carefully decisions as to which factors are most important for the particular assessment situation and then male trade-offs among the factors of validity, reliability and practicality. All design work involves consideration of trade-offs (Petroski, 2003). Swanson, Norman, and Linn (1995) proposed that â€Å"authentic assessment† is synonymous with performance assessment. They defined performance assessment as â€Å"testing complex, ‘higher order’ knowledge and skills in the real world context in which they are actually used, generally with open-ended tasks that require substantial examinee time to complete. 1 Observation of On-the-job performance: The best way to see if students have learned what we want them to learn at the necessary level is to take into the real world and have them perform what they have been instructed to do. The test instruments can be a checklist or rating scale. Checklists may be appropriate for on-the-job assessments if all critical cognitions in the newly acquired learning are manifested in observable behavior. Rating scale is used when a more refined evaluation of a process or product than just

Management Principle of Nike Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Management Principle of Nike - Essay Example This essay is aimed to help the redaer to understand how a strategic objective could be attained through change in collective and individual behaviour of the employees of Nike. The researcher discusses and analyzes two cases, that are involving Nike company. In the first, we will know how the company should design its travel policy based on the existing policy and the feedback coming from the senior managers. The second one will discuss the pay and reward system of Nike to determine whether there is basis to adapt Nike’s approaches as prescribed in the case facts? In both cases, the approach is to answer the guide questions that were made part of part of case facts. The researcher states that the designs must understand human nature; in this case, the perceptions, attitudes and behaviour of their employees as far as company-designed programs are concerned. Nike must involve them if possible. For managers, they are supposed to know more than the ordinary employees do and they m ust take the brunt for knowing and applying the necessary management principle in Nike. The researcher also presents the strong relationship of the analysis and the recommendation that he gives. Managers are said to be leaders and leaders are good followers first. It is also concluded that managers of Nike company must follow policies but before it could so, they must make those policies in travel, pay and reward systems clear by communicating through proper channels in the most effective and professional manner.